WHO calls on leaders and policymakers within health, finance and other sectors to act on the seven recommendations of the position paper on building health systems resilience to: (i) leverage the current response to strengthen both pandemic preparedness and health systems; (ii) invest in essential public health functions including those needed for allhazards emergency risk management; (iii) build a strong primary health-care foundation; (iv) invest in institutionalized mechanisms for whole-of-society engagement; (v) create and promote enabling environments for research, innovation and learning; (vi) increase domestic and global investment in health system foundations and allhazards emergency risk management; and (vii) address pre-existing inequities and the disproportionate impact of COVID-19 on marginalized and vulnerable populations